千年戲神—田都元帥
The God of Drama for Thousand Years: Tiandu Yuanshuai
作者：陳維霖
繪者：陳維霖
阿⽂看到團主從紅⾊⼩⽊盒取出⼀尊神像，只見神像頭戴⾦聖冠舉⽌有如武⽣出埸的架勢，腳下一邊有⼀隻⼩狗拿著⼀顆⼤印，另⼀邊則是⼀隻⾦雞，這尊神像讓⼈⼀望有威⽽不怒的儀態，但臉部表情還是⼀臉慈祥，額頭上還畫著⼀隻螃蟹，阿⽂第⼀次⾒到這樣的神像，祂跟戲班有何關係呢︖
佇臺灣民間有關田都元帥的故事有夠濟，有的所在叫伊田相公、田元帥抑是相公爺，上濟的講法是田都元帥是唐朝的人，名號做雷海青，因母仔因為「翼宿星君」降世煞來有身，未造結婚就大腹肚生囝，佇彼當時是一件真䆀才的代誌，田都元帥的老母姑不二三將，就共這个幼嬰仔擲咧田岸仔路，向望善心人士若看著會當共收養。
There were many stories about Tiandu Yuanshuai in Taiwan. Some people called him Tian Xianggong, Tian Yuanshuai, or Xianggong Ye. The story that most accepted was that he was born in the Tang Dynasty, and his name was Lei Haiqing. His mother dreamt of the ‘Yixiu xingjun’ and got pregnant. It was a shameful thing for a girl to be pregnant before she was married. This poor mother had to abandon her baby on the small road in the rice field, with the hope that some nice people would find him and adopt him.
拄出世的幼嬰仔著愛欶老母的奶水，田岸頂的紅嬰仔腹肚枵甲，就放聲吼，哭聲是驚天閣動地，引起田裡的毛蟹注意。毛蟹爬起去田岸看著吼甲無捨施的囡仔嬰，就輪流浡瀾飼田都元帥食。
阿文大聲講:「所以田都元帥的額頭才會有畫毛蟹的圖樣，嘛表明毛蟹浡瀾養飼的恩情，伊袂共放袂記得！」
阿媽頕頭講:「阿文你講了真對同，所致見有服侍田都元帥的戲班，攏共食毛蟹當做上大的禁忌。」
When the baby was hungry, he started crying. His cry stirred the crabs in the field. They climbed to the road and saw this little baby. They took pity on him and took turns to feed him with the bubbles produced from their mouths.
Ah-wen said loudly, “That’s why Tiandu Yuanshuai had crab painted on his forehead. He could not forget the favor of those crabs feeding him.”
Grandma nodded, “You are so right, Ah-Wen! That’s why all the troupes that enshrine Tiandu Yuanshuai consider eating crabs the biggest taboo.”
這時伊想著一个計智，命令兵仔用野獸的皮做皮尪仔踮城牆頂搬戲，趁敵軍看甲入迷，才帶領士兵大規模反攻得著勝利。
這就是皮猴戲的由來，有一寡仔服侍田都元帥的廟寺，壁堵頂攏有畫田都元帥規軀軍裝穿插的圖。
One thought came to his mind: he ordered the soldiers to make puppets with the animal skins and put up a show on top of the city wall. When the enemies were fascinated by the show, he struck back and won.
This was the origin of puppet show. Some of the paintings on the walls of the temples that enshrined Tiandu Yuanshuai would paint him dressed in military uniform.
尾矣，田都元帥死佇戰埸，唐玄宗𤆬厝裡的人參寡仔軍隊旋去到四川。田都元帥雖然過身矣，猶原掛心唐玄宗的安全，死了照常顯靈護駕，逐擺顯靈的時，定著會罩雺霧，帥旗面頂「雷」的雨字頭去予厚厚的雺霧閘著，玉皇大帝攏叫是伊姓田，毋才共賜封做「田都元帥」。
Later, Tiandu Yuanshuai died on the battlefield. Tang Xuanzong escaped with his royal family and a small group of army to Sichuan. Even though Tiandu Yuanshuai had died, he still worried about the safety of the emperor. his spirit was still protecting the emperor. Every time before his spirit showed up, there would always be cloud and mist. The thick fog covered the upper part of his banner that had his last name ‘Lei’ on, and only the lower part ‘Tian’ could be seen. Therefore, the emperor thought his last name was Tian and granted him as Tiandu Yuanshuai.
阿文擋袂牢問阿媽講：「按呢桃園抑是其他地區敢有服侍田都元帥的廟寺︖」
「戇囡仔，當然嘛有！全臺灣有兩百外間廟寺服侍田都元帥！像講中壢的天德宮，逐冬舊曆十月初一是天德宮上鬧熱的時陣，彼工有對各地頭來的戲班、南北管的樂團、在地學校的獅陣、龍陣佮大鼓陣遮的陣頭，鬥陣來共田都元帥做生日。」
Ah-Wen couldn’t help to ask grandma, “Are there other temples in Taoyuan area that enshrine Tiandu Yuanshuai?”
“Of course, silly boy! There are over 200 temples enshrining Tiandu Yuanshuai in Taiwan. Take Tiande Temple in Zhongli for example, the 1st day of the 10th month of the lunar calendar each year is the most exciting and lively time at this temple. There would be troupes from all places, nanguan and beiguan, lion dance groups from local schools, dragon dance group and drummer team all gather there to celebrate the birthday of Tiandu Yuanshuai.